Indicator database

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    Total R&D expenditure

    Gross domestic expenditure on research and experimental development as a percentage of GDP. This includes spending on creative work that is undertaken on a systematic basis which aims to increase the stock of knowledge, and the use of this stock of knowledge to devise new applications.

    Turnover from innovation

    This indicator is defined as the ratio of turnover from products new to the enterprise and new to the market as a % of total turnover. It is based on the Community innovation survey and covers at least all enterprises with 10 or more employees.

    Retrieved from, http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/web/products-datasets/-/tsdec340, January 15, 2015

    Corruption Perceptions Index (CPI)

    "the Corruption Perceptions Index measures the perceived levels of public sector corruption."

    Retrieved from, http://www.transparency.org/cpi2014/in_detail, 12.12.2014

    Quality of education system

    The mean value of the people per country [...] when asked 'How would you rate the quality of the education system in your country?'.

    Eurofound, http://eurofound.europa.eu/surveys/data-visualisation/european-quality-o..., retrieved on 13.01.2015

    Quality of social housing services

    Average value of the answer to the question 'How would you rate the quality of social housing services in your country?', with 10 being the highest quality.

    Water productivity (GDP/Water Footprint)

    "The indicator illustrates the amount of economic value generated by unit of water consumption. It is calculated as GDP (in Purchasing Power Standards /PPS) divided by the Water Footprint (WF) of a country."

    Retrieved from, http://database.eco-innovation.eu/indicators/view/280/1, 31.03.2015

    Trust in the Ecological Competence of the National, Regional or Local Government

    The indicator provides the percentage of responses on all responses in which national, regional or local government are stated when it comes to environmental issues.

    Retrieved from, http://www.gesis.org/en/social-indicators/products-of-the-zsi/european-s..., 12.2014

    Foreign direct investment, net inflows (% of GDP)

    "Foreign direct investment are the net inflows of investment to acquire a lasting management interest (10 percent or more of voting stock) in an enterprise operating in an economy other than that of the investor. It is the sum of equity capital, reinvestment of earnings, other long-term capital, and short-term capital as shown in the balance of payments. This series shows net inflows (new investment inflows less disinvestment) in the reporting economy from foreign investors, and is divided by GDP."

    Physical Trade Balance (PTB)

    The trade surplus or deficit of material resources within an economy, calculated as imports minus exports of raw materials and manufactured products.

    Average tariffs imposed by developed countries on agricultural products and textiles and clothing

    The average tariffs imposed by developed countries on agricultural products, clothing, and textile exports from developing countries and least developed countries, at preferential rate. These export categories are deemed sectors of special interest for developing countries and least developed countries.

    ODA received in landlocked developing countries as a proportion of their gross national incomes

    The amount of official development assistance (ODA) received by an individual landlocked developing country (LLDC) , as a proportion of the country’s gross national income (GNI). Official development assistance (ODA) comprises grants and loans have the promotion of the economic development and the welfare of the recipient countries as their main objective.

    ODA - Environment sector, % total ODA

    The share of Official Development Assistance allocated to the Environment sector.

    The Environment sector refers to general environmental protection activities, i.e. environmental policy and administrative management, biosphere protection, bio-diversity, site preservation, flood prevention/control, environmental education/training, environmental research.This indicator is based on commitment data, which best reflect current policies by donors.

    Public spending in environmentally related RD, % total public spending

    Government appropriations or outlays for Research and Development (GBAORD) by socio-economic objective. The indicator is expressed as percentage of all-purpose government outlays for Research and Development.
    (Source: Green Growth indicators 2014, https://www.enviroportal.sk/uploads/files/Zeleny%20rast/OECDGG.pdf)

    Total environmentally related taxes, % GDP

    Environmentally related taxes include (i) energy products for transport and stationary purposes (ii) motor vehicles and transport; (iii) waste management; (iv) ozone-depleting substances and (v) other taxes.
    (Source: Green Growth Knowledge platform, http://www.greengrowthknowledge.org/country-data/source-information)

    Status Index

    "The Status Index, with its two analytic dimensions – one assessing the state of political transformation, the other the state of economic transformation – identifies where each of the 129 countries stand on their path toward democracy under the rule of law and a market economy anchored in principles of social justice."

    "The Bertelsmann Stiftung’s Transformation Index (BTI) analyzes and evaluates whether and how developing countries and countries in transition are steering social change toward democracy and a market economy."

    Total fixed assets (net)

    Total fixed assets (net) is a concept of the annual national accounts. It is the sum of the following asset types:
    "Cultivated assets (AN.1114), Transport equipment (AN.11131), Other machinery and equipment (AN.11132), Dwellings (AN.1111), Other buildings and structures (AN.1112), Intangible fixed assets (AN.112).

    More detailed information can be found in annex 7.1 of ESA95." (Eurostat, http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/cache/metadata/en/nama_esms.htm, 22-01-2015)

    Adjusted net savings, including particulate emission damage (current US$)

    Adjusted net savings are equal to net national savings plus education expenditure and minus energy depletion, mineral depletion, net forest depletion, and carbon dioxide and particulate emissions damage.
    (retrieved 2-2-2014 from Worldbank, http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NY.ADJ.SVNG.CD)

    Foreign direct investment, net outflows (% of GDP)

    "Foreign direct investment are the net inflows of investment to acquire a lasting management interest (10 percent or more of voting stock) in an enterprise operating in an economy other than that of the investor. It is the sum of equity capital, reinvestment of earnings, other long-term capital, and short-term capital as shown in the balance of payments. This series shows net outflows of investment from the reporting economy to the rest of the world and is divided by GDP."

    Human Rights

    Human rights refer to the basic rights and freedoms to which all humans are entitled
    The Universal Declaration of Human Rights, which was adopted by the United Nations General Assembly in 1948 and reaffirmed by UN member states many times since, outlines in detail the basic freedoms to which every person is entitled
    http://www.un.org/en/documents/udhr/
    (Retrieved: 26 January 2015)

    Environmental protection expenditure by the public sector

    Environmental protection expenditure is the money spent on all purposeful activities directly aimed at the prevention, reduction and elimination of pollution or any other degradation of the environment. It includes both investments and current expenditure.

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