Indicator database

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    Exceedance of air quality limit values in urban areas

    The indicator shows the fraction of the EU-28 urban population that is potentially exposed to ambient air concentrations of certain pollutants (PM2.5, PM10, O3, NO2, SO2 and B(a)P)) in excess of the EU limit or target values (EU, 2004, 2008) set for the protection of human health; and to concentrations of these pollutants in excess of the WHO Guidelines (WHO, 2000, 2006).

    It also shows the evolution of urban background levels of PM2.5, PM10, O3 and NO2 at the European level.

    Employment rate, by highest level of education attained  

    The indicator is calculated by dividing the number of employed people within age group 20-64 years having attained a specific level of education, by the total population of the same age group.

    http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/tgm/web/table/description.jsp
    (Retrieved: 26 January 2015)

    Household saving rate   

    "The gross household saving rate measures the portion of disposable income that is not used by the household for final consumption. It is measured by gross saving divided by gross disposable income adjusted for the change in the net equity in pension fund reserves."
    (Eurostat, http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/cache/metadata/EN/tsdec240_esmsip.htm, 13-01-2015)

    Investment by institutional sectors

    The percentage of GDP that is used for gross investment in the economy. It includes investment in the acquisition, improvement of, or additions to fixed assets held by government, business and household sectors.

    EU urban population exposed to PM10 concentrations exceeding the daily limit value

    The indicator measures the percentage of population in urban areas with PM10 concentrations exceeding the daily limit value (50 µg/m3). This daily limit should not be exceeded on more than 35 days in a calendar year. The exposure to PM10 pollution is estimated based upon PM10 measured at all urban monitoring stations, including urban and suburban traffic station types. The air quality data is collected by the European Environment Agency on an annual basis according to the Exchange of Information Decision (97/101/EC amended by the Commission Decision 2001/752/EC).

    People living in households with very low work intensity

    People aged 0-59, living in households, where working-age adults (18-59) work less than 20% of their total work potential during the past year.

    (Retrieved from http://www.idescat.cat/economia/inec?tc=7&id=8511&lang=en, 26 January 2015)

    Hours of work per week

    The average number of hours corresponds to the number of hours per week the person normally works.

    http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/tgm/web/table/description.jsp
    (Retrieved: 26 January 2015)

    Annual net earnings

    "Net earnings are calculated from gross earnings by deducting the employee's social security contributions and income taxes, and adding family allowances in the case of households with children. Income tax and social security contributions parameters refer to the beginning of the fiscal year, i.e. changes occurring later during the year are ignored. [..]

    Assessing whether life is worthwhile (under development in SILC 2013; PlaceholderEQLS2011 (external link))

    Average response to question with approximate wording "I feel that what I do in life is worthwhile", included in EU-SILC 2013 ad hoc module on wellbeing, also in European Quality of Life Survey

    Labour productivity per hour worked (ESA95)

    "Labour productivity per hour worked is calculated as real output (deflated GDP measured in chain-linked volumes, reference year 2005) per unit of labour input (measured by the total number of hours worked). Measuring labour productivity per hour worked provides a better picture of productivity developments in the economy than labour productivity per person employed, as it eliminates differences in the full time/part time composition of the workforce across countries and years."

    Intangible fixed assets (net)

    Intangible fixed assets (net) are immaterial assets (e.g. computer software).
    The concept and the numbers are based on National Accounts and a component of total fixed assets (net).
    (for more information: Eurostat, http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/cache/metadata/en/nama_esms.htm, 23-01-2015)

    Total fixed assets (net)

    Total fixed assets (net) is a concept of the annual national accounts. It is the sum of the following asset types:
    "Cultivated assets (AN.1114), Transport equipment (AN.11131), Other machinery and equipment (AN.11132), Dwellings (AN.1111), Other buildings and structures (AN.1112), Intangible fixed assets (AN.112).

    More detailed information can be found in annex 7.1 of ESA95." (Eurostat, http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/cache/metadata/en/nama_esms.htm, 22-01-2015)

    Better Life Index

    The Better Life index is an interactive tool that allows you to see how countries perform according to the importance you give to each of 11 topics.

    Productivity of artificial land

    Productivity of artificial land is defined as the gross domestic product (GDP) of a country divided by its total artificial land. Artificial land consists of built-up areas (areas covered with buildings and greenhouses) and non built-up areas (streets and sealed surfaces). Artificial land productivity shows whether built-up and non built-up areas are efficiently used to generate added economic value.
    For the calculation of artificial land productivity Eurostat uses the GDP in millions of PPS (Purchasing Power Standard).

    Built-up areas

    The indicator measures the total built-up area in a country (in km2). Built-up areas are areas covered with buildings and greenhouses.

    Retrieved from: http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/tgm/table.do?tab=table&init=1&plugin=0&lang... on 24/03/2015

    Urban population exposure to air pollution by particulate matter

    The indicator shows the population-weighted concentration of fine particulates (PM10) to which the urban population is potentially exposed.
    Retrieved from http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/tgm/web/table/description.jsp
    on 25/03/2015