Indicator database

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    Freshwater quality

    This indicator shows:

    1. Annual median concentrations in rivers of Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD) and ammonium (NH4).

    2. Trends in concentrations of orthophosphate and nitrate in rivers, total phosphorus and nitrate in lakes, and nitrate in groundwater bodies.

    Units

    The concentration of nitrate is expressed as mg nitrate (NO3)/l for groundwater and mg nitrate-nitrogen (mg NO3-N/l) for rivers and orthophosphate and total phosphorus as mg P/l.

    Physical Trade Balance (PTB)

    The trade surplus or deficit of material resources within an economy, calculated as imports minus exports of raw materials and manufactured products.

    Total wealth estimate ($)

    "The Wealth of Nations dataset provides country level data on comprehensive wealth, adjusted net saving, and non-renewable resource rents indicators, as published in "The Changing Wealth of Nations" (2011)."
    (World Bank, http://data.worldbank.org/data-catalog/wealth-of-nations, 23-01-2015)

    "Total wealth is present value of future consumption that is sustainable, discounted at a rate of time preference of 1.5 percent, over 25 years.

    Depletion Adjusted Saving (DAS) =

    Rule of Law

    Rule of law captures perceptions of the extent to which agents have confidence in and abide by the rules of society, and in particular the quality of contract enforcement, property rights, the police, and the courts, as well as the likelihood of crime and violence.
    Reference: http://info.worldbank.org/governance/wgi/index.aspx#doc Accessed 14.01.15

    Regulatory Quality

    Regulatory quality captures perceptions of the ability of the government to formulate and implement sound policies and regulations that permit and promote private sector development.
    Retrieved from: http://info.worldbank.org/governance/wgi/index.aspx#doc, on 14.01.15

    Population density (people per sq. km of land area)

    Population density of a country is midyear population divided by land area in square kilometers. Population is based on the de facto definition of population, which counts all residents regardless of legal status or citizenship--except for refugees not permanently settled in the country of asylum, who are generally considered part of the population of their country of origin. Land area is a country's total area, excluding area under inland water bodies, national claims to continental shelf, and exclusive economic zones.