Indicator database

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    Total R&D expenditure

    Gross domestic expenditure on research and experimental development as a percentage of GDP. This includes spending on creative work that is undertaken on a systematic basis which aims to increase the stock of knowledge, and the use of this stock of knowledge to devise new applications.

    Investment by institutional sectors

    The percentage of GDP that is used for gross investment in the economy. It includes investment in the acquisition, improvement of, or additions to fixed assets held by government, business and household sectors.

    Foreign direct investment, net inflows (% of GDP)

    "Foreign direct investment are the net inflows of investment to acquire a lasting management interest (10 percent or more of voting stock) in an enterprise operating in an economy other than that of the investor. It is the sum of equity capital, reinvestment of earnings, other long-term capital, and short-term capital as shown in the balance of payments. This series shows net inflows (new investment inflows less disinvestment) in the reporting economy from foreign investors, and is divided by GDP."

    Organisations and sites with EMAS (Eco-Management and Audit Scheme) registration

    The number of organisations and sites registered as members of the voluntary environmental management system, The Eco-Management and Audit Scheme (EMAS). EMAS is implemented by companies and other organisations from all sectors of economic activity including local authorities, to evaluate, report on and improve their environmental performance.

    Eurostat, http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/tgm/web/table/description.jsp, 12.02.15

    Green Patents, Index 1990=100

    The sum of patents on electric and hybrid vehicles, energy efficiency in buildings and lightning, renewable energy generation, air pollution abatement, water pollution abatement and waste management.
    (Source: OECD, http://stats.oecd.org/OECDStat_Metadata/ShowMetadata.ashx?Dataset=GREEN_...)

    Public spending in environmentally related RD, % total public spending

    Government appropriations or outlays for Research and Development (GBAORD) by socio-economic objective. The indicator is expressed as percentage of all-purpose government outlays for Research and Development.
    (Source: Green Growth indicators 2014, https://www.enviroportal.sk/uploads/files/Zeleny%20rast/OECDGG.pdf)

    Share of energy from renewable sources

    The contribution of renewables, i.e. energy from hydro, geothermal, solar, wind, tide and wave source as well as biofuels and the renewable fraction of municipal waste as percentage of total primary energy supply. (source: OECD)

    Public spending in environmentally related RD, % of total public spending

    Government appropriations or outlays for Research and Development (GBAORD) expressed as percentage of all-purpose government outlays for Research and Development.. (source: OECD, http://stats.oecd.org/Index.aspx?DataSetCode=GREEN_GROWTH)

    Business Extent of Disclosure Index

    The disclosure index measures the extent to which investors are protected through disclosure of ownership and financial information. The index ranges from 0 to 10, with higher values indicating more disclosure. (Description taken from World Bank website: http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/IC.BUS.DISC.XQ, accessed 8 December 2014)

    GDP per capita (current US$)

    "GDP per capita is gross domestic product divided by midyear population. GDP is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources. Data are in current U.S. dollars."

    (Worldbank, http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NY.GDP.PCAP.CD, 2014-12-11)

    Environmental protection expenditure by the public sector

    Environmental protection expenditure is the money spent on all purposeful activities directly aimed at the prevention, reduction and elimination of pollution or any other degradation of the environment. It includes both investments and current expenditure.

    Total environmental tax revenues as a share of total revenues from taxes and social contributions

    An environmental tax is a tax whose tax base is a physical unit (or a proxy of it) of something that has a proven, specific negative impact on the environment. Total revenues for environmental taxes include taxes on transport, energy, pollution and resources.

    Global Innovation Index

    The Global Innovation Index 2014 (GII), in its 7th edition this year, is co-published by Cornell University, INSEAD, and the World Intellectual Property Organization(WIPO, an agency of the United Nations, UN).

    Green Transition Scoreboard

    The scoreboard presents the amount of investments in renewable energy, energy efficiency, green construction, water management, green R&D and Cleantech - on the global level
    (Source: http://4a5qvh23tbek30e0mg42uq87.wpengine.netdna-cdn.com/wp-content/uploa... Retrieved: 21/4/2015)

    Governments environmental and energy R&D appropriations and outlays (% of GDP)

    Government Budget Appropriations or Outlays on Research and Development (GBAORD) data show how much governments spend on research and development, as a proportion of total gross domestic product (GDP). The data is available broken down by the socio-economic objectives of the research and development, and by the type of initiative which has received funding. Funded sectors include government establishments, business enterprise, private non-profit, higher education and international organisations. The data is also available in a range of national currency units.