Indicator database

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    Total R&D expenditure

    Gross domestic expenditure on research and experimental development as a percentage of GDP. This includes spending on creative work that is undertaken on a systematic basis which aims to increase the stock of knowledge, and the use of this stock of knowledge to devise new applications.

    Turnover from innovation

    This indicator is defined as the ratio of turnover from products new to the enterprise and new to the market as a % of total turnover. It is based on the Community innovation survey and covers at least all enterprises with 10 or more employees.

    Retrieved from, http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/web/products-datasets/-/tsdec340, January 15, 2015

    Foreign direct investment, net inflows (% of GDP)

    "Foreign direct investment are the net inflows of investment to acquire a lasting management interest (10 percent or more of voting stock) in an enterprise operating in an economy other than that of the investor. It is the sum of equity capital, reinvestment of earnings, other long-term capital, and short-term capital as shown in the balance of payments. This series shows net inflows (new investment inflows less disinvestment) in the reporting economy from foreign investors, and is divided by GDP."

    Physical Trade Balance (PTB)

    The trade surplus or deficit of material resources within an economy, calculated as imports minus exports of raw materials and manufactured products.

    Green Patents, Index 1990=100

    The sum of patents on electric and hybrid vehicles, energy efficiency in buildings and lightning, renewable energy generation, air pollution abatement, water pollution abatement and waste management.
    (Source: OECD, http://stats.oecd.org/OECDStat_Metadata/ShowMetadata.ashx?Dataset=GREEN_...)

    Public spending in environmentally related RD, % total public spending

    Government appropriations or outlays for Research and Development (GBAORD) by socio-economic objective. The indicator is expressed as percentage of all-purpose government outlays for Research and Development.
    (Source: Green Growth indicators 2014, https://www.enviroportal.sk/uploads/files/Zeleny%20rast/OECDGG.pdf)

    Total fixed assets (net)

    Total fixed assets (net) is a concept of the annual national accounts. It is the sum of the following asset types:
    "Cultivated assets (AN.1114), Transport equipment (AN.11131), Other machinery and equipment (AN.11132), Dwellings (AN.1111), Other buildings and structures (AN.1112), Intangible fixed assets (AN.112).

    More detailed information can be found in annex 7.1 of ESA95." (Eurostat, http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/cache/metadata/en/nama_esms.htm, 22-01-2015)

    Technology Achievement Index

    The technology achievement index (TAI) aims to capture how well a country is creating and diffusing technology and building a human skill base—reflecting capacity to participate in the technological innovations of the network age. This composite index measures achievements, not potential, effort or inputs.

    Foreign direct investment, net outflows (% of GDP)

    "Foreign direct investment are the net inflows of investment to acquire a lasting management interest (10 percent or more of voting stock) in an enterprise operating in an economy other than that of the investor. It is the sum of equity capital, reinvestment of earnings, other long-term capital, and short-term capital as shown in the balance of payments. This series shows net outflows of investment from the reporting economy to the rest of the world and is divided by GDP."

    Public spending in environmentally related RD, % of total public spending

    Government appropriations or outlays for Research and Development (GBAORD) expressed as percentage of all-purpose government outlays for Research and Development.. (source: OECD, http://stats.oecd.org/Index.aspx?DataSetCode=GREEN_GROWTH)

    Legatum Prosperity Index

    The Prosperity Index is a global measurement of prosperity based on both income and wellbeing. The Index analysed the countries across 8 sub-indices – Economy, Entrepreneurship & Opportunity, Governance, Education, Health, Safety & Security, Personal Freedom and Social Capital.

    Demand-based CO2 productivity

    Real national income per unit of CO2 emitted at various stages of production of the goods and services consumed in domestic final demand, irrespective of where the stages of production occurred. Trends in emissions on this basis serve as a diagnostic complement to the more traditional production based measures.

    Global Competitiveness Index

    The Global Competitiveness Index measures the microeconomic and macroeconomic characteristics that underpin national competitiveness.

    Retrieved from, http://www.weforum.org/reports/global-competitiveness-report-2014-2015, 06.03.2015

    Business Extent of Disclosure Index

    The disclosure index measures the extent to which investors are protected through disclosure of ownership and financial information. The index ranges from 0 to 10, with higher values indicating more disclosure. (Description taken from World Bank website: http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/IC.BUS.DISC.XQ, accessed 8 December 2014)

    GDP per capita (current US$)

    "GDP per capita is gross domestic product divided by midyear population. GDP is the sum of gross value added by all resident producers in the economy plus any product taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without making deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources. Data are in current U.S. dollars."

    (Worldbank, http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NY.GDP.PCAP.CD, 2014-12-11)

    Employment in eco-industries and circular economy (% of total employment across all companies)

    The indicator tracks the share of employment in eco-industries in total workforce. Data for year 2008 is obtained from Ecorys (2009): "Study on the Competitiveness of the EU eco-industry." 2012 data is sourced from Thomson One database.

    Retrieved from http://database.eco-innovation.eu/indicators/view/287/1, 25.03.2015

    Turnover in eco-industries

    The indicator calculates the share of the Eco-industry turnover of total GDP.

    Data for 2004 are taken from the Ernst&Young Study (2006): Eco-industry, its size, employment, perspectives and barriers to growth in an enlarged EU",
    Data for 2008 comes from Ecorys et al. (2009): "Study on the Competitiveness of the EU eco-industry"
    Data for 2012 is based on Thomson One database.

    Retrieved from, http://database.eco-innovation.eu/indicators/view/288/1, 26.3.2014